What Is the Singapore Math Method? A Parent & Teacher’s Guide

Have you ever wondered why children in Singapore consistently rank among the top in international math tests? The secret lies in Singapore Math, a teaching method developed by Singapore’s Ministry of Education in the 1980s. Unlike traditional math programs, Singapore Math follows the CPA pathway (Concrete–Pictorial–Abstract) and emphasizes deep understanding through problem-solving rather than rote memorization.

In this guide, I’ll explain what Singapore Math is, how it works, and how you can support your child or students using its principles. Whether you’re new to the method or curious about how it compares to traditional math instruction, you’ll find practical tips and expert insight here.

At Wukong Math, we integrate the best of Singapore Math into our lessons, helping kids strengthen math foundations, build confidence, and prepare for the future. 

What is Singapore Math Method? Definition and Origins

What Is Singapore Math?

Singapore Math is a teaching method based on the national math curriculum of Singapore. It focuses on building strong conceptual understanding, number sense, and problem-solving skills in a structured and visual way.

Origins: From Singapore to the U.S. Classroom

The method was developed in the 1980s by Singapore’s Ministry of Education. By the early 2000s, it gained international attention when Singapore’s students consistently ranked at the top of global math assessments like TIMSS. The U.S. adopted the approach in many private and public schools as an alternative to traditional math instruction.

Why Is Singapore Math Gaining Popularity?

Parents and educators appreciate its clear structure, focus on mastery, and ability to help students “see” math instead of just memorizing formulas.

According to SingaporeMath.com, the method is built around fewer topics taught in greater depth, allowing children to truly master core skills. Wikipedia notes that the approach was later exported worldwide, with U.S. schools adopting it in the 1990s.

Key Principles and Strategies of Singapore Math

The Singapore Math curriculum is structured to make math accessible, logical, and fun. Below are its defining features.

1. CPA Approach: Concrete → Pictorial → Abstract

Children first handle real objects (Concrete), then draw models or diagrams (Pictorial), and finally move to equations (Abstract).
Example: Kids might use blocks to show “2 + 3,” draw a picture of five objects, and then write 2 + 3 = 5.

The CPA progression helps students internalize math concepts gradually:

• Concrete: Hands-on materials (blocks, counters)
• Pictorial: Drawings and diagrams (bar models)
• Abstract: Numbers, symbols, and equations

This three-step method ensures a strong conceptual foundation.

2. Bar Modeling Technique for Word Problems

One of the most famous strategies in Singapore Math, bar modeling, is a visual method to represent relationships in word problems. It makes complex problems more accessible, especially in early grades.

For example, “Mary has 3 apples, John has 2 more than Mary. How many does John have?” A bar diagram quickly shows John’s total as 3 + 2 = 5.

3. Mastery over Memorization

Instead of racing through topics, students spend time mastering key concepts. For instance, multiplication facts are taught alongside real-world problem-solving, not just flashcards.

4. Spiral Progression

Concepts build step by step, ensuring no gaps. A child learning fractions in Grade 3 will revisit them in higher grades, each time at deeper levels.

5. Emphasis on Word Problems

Singapore Math makes students math thinkers, not just calculators. Word problems require applying math to everyday situations, fostering logic and reasoning.

Summary: Core Features of Singapore Math 

Benefits of the Singapore Math Method

Improves Conceptual Understanding

Students understand the “why” behind math, not just the “how.” This leads to better long-term retention and application.

Builds Problem-Solving Skills

From Grade 1, students are exposed to non-routine word problems that require reasoning—preparing them for real-world math.

Proven International Success

According to the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), Singaporean students consistently outperform their global peers in math.

Source: International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement

Singapore Math vs Traditional U.S. Math (Common Core)

Parents often ask: “Is Singapore Math the same as Common Core?” While both emphasize understanding over memorization, they differ in important ways.

Table: Singapore Math vs Common Core

Wukong Math: Bringing Singapore Math to Life Online

If you’re looking for expert support, Wukong Math offers online math classes aligned with Singapore Math. With visual learning, engaging instructors, and individualized feedback, it’s a strong option for home-based learning.

By challenging students to visualize complex concepts, WuKong sparks better creative thinking and improves their ability to tackle unfamiliar problems. Our classes are designed to support Grades 1–6 learners, offering a strong foundation in number sense, logical reasoning, and problem-solving through step-by-step instruction.

Whether your child is just beginning or looking to strengthen core skills, WuKong Math provides expert instruction aligned with the proven principles of Singapore Math.

Is Singapore Math Right for Your Child or Classroom?

Ideal Learners for This Method

Children who enjoy logic puzzles or benefit from visual learning thrive with this approach. It’s especially effective in Grades 1–6.

Potential Challenges and How to Address Them

Some students may initially struggle with the emphasis on bar modeling or the slower pace. Regular practice and patience are key. For older students switching methods, extra support might be needed.

Where to Start: Resources and Curriculum

• Primary Mathematics (U.S. Edition) – widely used textbooks
• Dimensions Math – newer, more visually engaging version
• Wukong Education – live online classes with experienced teachers

Final Thoughts

Singapore Math is more than a curriculum, it’s a mindset that helps kids understand the why behind numbers. By blending the CPA method, bar modeling, and mastery-based learning, it gives children the tools to succeed not only in math class but in problem-solving for life.

At Wukong Education, we combine the strengths of Singapore Math with modern global standards to create an engaging fusion program.

FAQs

1. What is the Singapore Math method in simple terms?

It’s a math teaching approach that starts with hands-on tools, then moves to pictures and finally abstract numbers, helping kids understand math deeply.

2. Why is Singapore Math better than traditional math?

It emphasizes mastery, visualization, and problem-solving rather than memorization, which leads to stronger math understanding.

3. How can I teach Singapore Math at home?

Use visual aids, Singapore Math workbooks, and platforms like Wukong Math to practice together.

4. Is Singapore Math good for struggling students?

Yes, especially when they receive guided instruction. The CPA method helps build step-by-step understanding.

5. Where can I find Singapore Math resources online?

Try Wukong Math for structured, visual-based lessons taught by experienced instructors.

Citations

• International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement
• Singapore Ministry of Education

Nathan | WuKong Math Teacher

Graduated from the University of New South Wales. He has over 8 years of experience teaching elementary and high school mathematics and science. As a rigorous and steady mathematics teacher, Nathan has always been well received by students 1-12 grades.